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香港,中国 - Media OutReach - 2018年4月27日 - 很多常见的慢性肝病常有机会演变成肝硬化。据统计,肝硬化患者当中有八成是由慢性乙型肝炎所导致。因喝酒过量或肥胖而引发的脂肪肝炎也是导致肝硬化的元凶之一。从早期慢性肝病演化为肝硬化的过程动辄达十年以上。但是,如果肝脏组织受损后出现纤维化,情况便难以逆转。此外,肝硬化更可增加患有肝癌的风险。因此,延缓病情恶化至关重要。

补肝要关注 认清营养补充关键 帮助肝硬化患者强化体质

潘冬平教授(香港外科专科医生)

 

肝硬化引起的异常与营养代谢

香港外科专科医生潘冬平教授指出,有高达六成以上的肝硬化患者往往因为缺乏蛋白质及能量从而导致营养不良。这由于肝硬化患者的身体本身出现代谢异常,增加了从肌肉中分解蛋白质的比例,来供给身体所需的能量。

 

在肝硬化的早期阶段,虽然体内蛋白质的储存量已开始下降,但由于肌肉量仍未大幅减少,同时肝脏仍能维持机能运作,因此病征并不容易察觉。当肝硬化到严重的阶段时,肝脏机能开始出现衰退,减少制造身体所需的蛋白质白蛋白则是其中一种。血液中白蛋白的水平下降会使患者出现腹腔积水和水肿的征状。与此同时,因蛋白质的代谢出现异常变化,患者的血液中支链氨基酸含量因应减少,而另一种芳香族氨基酸的水平同时上升,形成了氨基酸失衡。这些芳香族氨基酸一旦流向脑部,会令脑部发出错误的神经传递讯号,引起严重并发症如肝昏迷。

 

支链氨基酸肝硬化患者增强体质

支链氨基酸是人体必需的氨基酸,需要从食物来源中摄取。潘教授指,恢复体内氨基酸的平衡能改善肝硬化患者的肝昏迷状态和问题。以支链氨基酸作为营养补充更可直接为身体提供蛋白质来源,帮助肝细胞修复,从而减慢肝硬化的恶化。支链氨基酸同时已获欧美的营养学会组织推荐,适用于出现肝昏迷情况的肝硬化患者。

 

此外,尽早开始补充支链氨基酸有助改善蛋白质引起的营养不良,调整氨基酸的平衡状态,减少并发症(如肝昏迷)的出现;同时亦可促进肝内蛋白质的制造,改善腹腔积水及水肿的情况,降低感染机会,使生活质量得以提升。

 

谨慎选择肝脏营养补充品

潘教授提及,不少肝病患者及家属也会考虑购买一些肝脏营养品作养。事实上,市面上声称能帮助补肝的中成药或营养保健品种类五花八门,当中所含的成分不一。潘教授特别提醒,在选取肝脏营养补充品给慢性肝病患者时,应针对患者的实际营养需要。同时,需考虑当中的成分是否具有临床医学研究来证明其效。否则补肝不成,变成伤肝。

Source http://www.media-outreach.com/release.php/View/5378#Contact

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